Saturday, May 23, 2020
Their Society Are All The Same - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 718 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Giver Essay Did you like this example? This Book is made aware that not only are choices limited, but also that the people have not experienced true feelings, enjoyed individual differences and cannot even see color!. Jonas seems to be just any ordinary young boy, Jonas who lives in a futuristic society which has tried to relieve its citizens of choices to ensure sameness, fairness, and equality. This shows the darker side of living in a perfect world, and shows how little choices you have, restricting life, and making it bland. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Their Society Are All The Same" essay for you Create order Living in the perfect world of The Giver would become monotonous. Lacking choices, one would not be able to utilize their creativity and would become dependent on the community to provide. In the current world, people must work to get the necessities, and many people today find their ideal position and earn the necessities while still enjoying themselves. Their society are all the same. Jonas is chosen for a very rare occupation called Receiver, who is unfortunate enough to learn and bare all of the difficult truths of his society and itrs a completely controlled environment. When Jonas is chosen to take the role, he starts to learn how life that good cannot exist without evil, and evil cannot exist without good, thus making reaching a perfect society impossible. It does not matter how amazing an experience is, unless you have something bad to compare it with you can never taste the true meaning of that moment. The members of Jonasrs community cannot appreciate the joys in their lives because they have never felt sadness, They also do not feel grief because they have never appreciated the true wonders of life. The setting of the controlled community in The Giver explains the conflict between the desire to solve societyrs problems and the need for individual freedoms. In the beginning the rules, such as being assigned a specific job for life or using correct language, makes sense and seems for the good of the community. The Giver is heavily burdened with all of the memories of the past world from physically and emotionally going through the motions of his regulation and boundary heavy, futuristic society. Belonging to a family unit with a little sister, a mother in law enforcement, and a father who is a nurturer for new born, he has come to the point in his life where the council must choose a lifelong occupation for him and his peers based on their interests and talents. Jonas and the Giver both know that their society needs to change. They have no real choices, so they dont experience true feelings, such as love. They come up with a plan to help the community and to free Jonas. Jonas will escape and as he leaves, his memories will be set free into society. The Giver will then help the community work through those feelings and show them the value of things that they have taken away, such as marriage and extended families. if you do not remember your errors, you may repeat them so it designates a Receiver to remember history for the community. But as Jonas undergoes his training, he learns that just as there is no pain without memory, there is also no true happiness no feelings. Being happy are needed to help us as human beings develop. We need to make choices on our own to learn from your mistake. Feelings are the one of the most important things in our life. Respect for human life, shows us that we need to value other opinions. As for my own conclusion for this book, The Giver Society is not a perfect place but in fact an unpleasant place. The citizens in the society have no choice, they have their feelings ripped away without them even knowing and their respect for human life is gone. This book says a lot about my personality and rebellious tendencies executed in the most polite of ways in fear of seriously offending those around me. and it always shows up to them in the most convenient times throughout my life, when there is doubt about who I am as well as the decisions I need to make or have already made. Deciding that all must learn to see color, to feel pain and to show and receive love.
Monday, May 18, 2020
Movie Reflection - 665 Words
Extra Credit: Electric Shadows Reflection The film makes me recall my childhood and my parentsââ¬â¢ childhood. It descried a story in a town of Northwest China happened between 1970s and 1980s. At that time, people could only watch the outdoor movie that cemented by celluloid. This film covers the family love, romantic love between two generations and friendship. Also, it gives me a strong feeling of how the Chinese cultural revolution have changed the peopleââ¬â¢s lives and ideas. From what I learned from the ââ¬Å"brief history of Chinaâ⬠and Spenceââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"the search for modern Chinaâ⬠, Mao wanted and desired equal outcomes for all people. Even though the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution caused millions deaths, and it was a miserableâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I know in the early age of my hometown, if a women get divorced, or she get pregnant before marriage, she will be criticize by the whole people who live in the hometown. Even her parents will break up the relationship with her. However, the Chinese people are more open to those situations, people start understand those single motherââ¬â¢s circumstances and encourage them to find a new partner. Well, I feel the divorce rate is higher than the 70s and 80s. Besides all the changes, the film also reveals the importance of Confucius teaching on filial piety. Even though Ling Ling ran away from home, she still concerned her parents silently. She set a telescope outside of her room that she could observe her parents life (Xiao). As mentioned in Teiserââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"the spirits of Chinese religionâ⬠, filial piety is the foundation of all virtues in China (Teiser). For me, I have arguments with my parents, also received punishments from my parents. I know it is not easy to raising me up, I always feel gratitude and I have the responsibility to take care of my parents and treat them nicely. At the end, the film helps me recall all the changes that happened in my li fe such as technology and peopleââ¬â¢s attitude to single mothers. It also gives me reminder of how important the filial piety is. It is a great movie to watch. Works Cited Brief Story of China. HUM 103 Reading Materials. N.p., n.d. Web. 7Show MoreRelatedMovie Reflection1301 Words à |à 6 Pagesthing that I will mention are the different acts and how the outcomes wouldââ¬â¢ve been different if they would have been in act at this time. The first movie I will be talking about is Matewan. Matewan is a movie about the mines in Mingo County, WV. In the beginning, I wasnââ¬â¢t sure if I would end up liking the video or not. The further it got into the movie, I really enjoyed it. I loved learning about what the ââ¬Å"minerââ¬â¢s 3lifeâ⬠was like. It showed what they went through as they worked in the mines and itRead MoreMovie Reflection2707 Words à |à 11 PagesWhat is in your movie? ENG 225 Hannah Judson March 15, 2010 What is in your movie? How does one analysis a movie? How does one watch a movie? What are you looking for in the movie? When you watch the movie, does the movie tell you a story or do you learn any life lessons from it? Movie making is considered an industry and an art form; as an artist media, it can come in a form of expression. A movie has so many components intertwined into it to make it overall and complete. Therefore, isRead MoreMovie Reflection Paper1255 Words à |à 6 Pagesis Thanksgiving and my wife and I along with our 18 year old daughter are planning to see the movie WONDER today. I believe this is a perfect opportunity to conduct the experiential learning exercise. My hypothesis is that this movie will have characters who will display an intertwining of their strengths to bring about a successful outcome. Perhaps these strengths are similar to ours. The movie plot: ââ¬Å"Based on the New York Times bestseller, WONDER tells the inspiring and heartwarming storyRead MoreGandhi Movie Reflection981 Words à |à 4 Pagesof non-violence. He worked hard to achieve the mission to spread the message of love and equality. The movie ââ¬Å"Gandhiâ⬠directed by à Richard Attenborough tells us about how his principles made the British give freedom to India and his face moved millions of crowds to fight for freedom. But mainly, this movie shows the complex life of Gandhi and his importance that made a difference. à à à à The movie starts with a flashback to a younger, 23-year-old à Gandhi during his days in South Africa during 1893.Read MoreReflection Of The Movie Moana1059 Words à |à 5 PagesPeople of all ages have watched or heard about the movie Moana. They all want to see Disneyââ¬â¢s new ââ¬Å"princess,â⬠or so they thought it was going to be a new princess. The movie sets an ambivalent, but curious tone. Moana is to become the next princess of her tribe, but when she lets her curiosity get the best of her. She has to decide whether she wants to lead her tribe or set forth on a journey that no one knows the outcome of. Throughout the movie, Moana, many life lessons are taught on how to handleRead MoreReflection Of The Movie Amistad1426 Words à |à 6 PagesKorea, they knew if escaped, then their families would suffer the consequences, but they didnââ¬â¢t see it as bad thing since they knew there wasnââ¬â¢t a very bright future in their country to begin w ith. So, they escaped to truly live and to be free. This movie really changed my perspective on history, but especially on the history of African-Americans and slavery. Seeing how innocent people who had done nothing to deserve such cruel and terrible inhumane treatment by the hand of others who saw them as inferiorRead MoreAmistad Movie Reflection748 Words à |à 3 PagesIn the movie Amistad there are many instances where African Americans are treated very poorly, just like they were not even the same creature the captors were. I have watched this movie and thought it over thoroughly afterwards. I was tasked after thinking it over the answer the question of ââ¬Å"How could someoneââ¬â¢s conscience allow them to treat another human being so horribly?â⬠I find this answer very obvious throughout the film. These men performing these heinous acts of injustice against these AfricanRead MoreEmojis Movie Reflection1252 Words à |à 6 PagesThe film starts with a bunch of high school students walking around, all immersed in their smartphones. We travel inside the world of a smartphone belonging to a freshman named Alex (Jake T. Austin). The Emojis live in the city of Textopolis, and each of them performs the same function they were designed for. Gene (TJ Miller) is supposed to be a meh Emoji like his parents Mel and Mary (Steven Wright and Jennifer Coolidge), but unlike all the other Emojis, Gene has multiple expressions and feelingsRead MoreMy Movie Reflection1314 Words à |à 6 PagesThis movie changed my outlook on everything. Sam is a man who has a mental disability and he got a woman pregnant. The woman took off when she gave birth and left Sam with the baby. Sam tried very hard to raise his daughter Lucy, but due to the fact that he had a mentality of a 7 year old, he had a hard time. He got help from her God Mom, Annie, who was also Lucyââ¬â¢s piano teacher later on. Samââ¬â¢s friends, who had disabilities as well, helped him with Lucy. Sam worked at Starbucks and it showed examplesRead MoreReflection on the Movie Lincoln Essay1120 Words à |à 5 PagesLincoln Reflection Lincoln, directed by Steven Spielberg, is a historical drama that follows the political aspects of the last four months of the American Civil War and Lincolnââ¬â¢s life as Lincoln strives to gain ratification of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which would bring an end to slavery and unlawful involuntary servitude in the United States. Spielberg, unlike other historical directors, has successfully portrayed Abraham Lincoln from several angles; the fatherly Lincoln who cares
Monday, May 11, 2020
Essay about Dukan Diet
Essay about Dukan Diet The French nutritionist and dietician, Pierre Dukan, designed a diet plan, which involved the intake of proteins and has been named as the ââ¬Å"Dukan Dietâ⬠. This diet plan suggests that when man was living in the hunting and gathering society they were healthier because of their eating habits; consequently, Dukan introduced this specific diet plan. The nutritionist has specified 100 food items consisting of 72 items that are sourced from animals and 28 are made from plants. The individual who attempts to follow this diet routine may consume as much as he/she wants of these 100 items. There are four phases that an individual would undergo as part of this diet plan. The first phase is the attack phase. The second phase is the cruise phase, and the third and fourth phases are the consolidation and stabilization phase respectively. (Makris Foster, 2011) According to Schenker (2012), a survey was conducted and took interview conception about the effectiveness of the Dukan diet. The survey basically examined the diet on a basis of 7 categories including; short term weight loss, long term weight loss, ease in following, nutritional value, safety, diabetes, and heart health. According to experts, this diet plan was potent for a short term weight loss strategy; however, they have been critical of this diet plan because it severely lacked in nutritional value. The first phase or the attack phase attempts to reduce up to 2 to 3 kilograms within 2 to 10 days. However, this weight loss may be contiguous in the first few weeks this would slow down gradually and reduce to 2 to 4 pounds a week. In the long term, dieticians believe that the Dukan diet is next to ineffective. The restrictions placed upon the individual by the diet plan are hard to follow; therefore, people are unable to reap benefits in the form of weight loss through this diet plan in the long-run. Consequently, experts have rated this diet as the second most difficult diet to follow and sustain. Thus, people are unable to adhere to the several restrictions the diet places upon an individual. (Pagoto Appelhans, 2013) Even though the Dukan diet claims to subdue diabetes, there are no indications that would support this claim. Henceforth, proficient doctors suggest that due to a lack of research and evidence no doctor or nutritionist can claim to improve diabetic health through the use of this diet plan. According to experts, the Dukan diet has the minimal ability to prevent or cure cardiovascular diseases. A balance of nutrients combined with exercise is the ideal way to consume a healthy meal. A strict adherence to a non-carbohydrate and high protein diet may actually be the fundamental reason of many illnesses. One of the very first signs of consuming only proteins is the lack of energy a person may experience that may also cause him/her to feel sleepy most of the times. Even though, carbohydrates may be reduced by the dieter but some proportion of carbohydrates are essential for a healthy body. (Hansel et al, 2011) There are no cited proofs of the Dukan diet contributing towards a healthy heart or reduction in diabetes. Even though, weight loss may be achievable as a result of following this diet plan strictly, but any slight digression from the plan may negate the positive effects. Complete reliance on proteins may bring about other negative side effects that may only be visible in the future. Doctors and nutritionists emphasize the need for a balanced diet and the proportion of every meal as these factors play a greater role in weight loss. However, none of this may be accomplishable through diet alone, but exercise must be done regularly. References Hansel, B. B., Giral, P. P., Coppola-Xaille, A. A., Monfort, G. G., Regnault, M. M., Bruckert, E. E. (2011). Lenquete Internet nationale [much less than] Dukan, et apres ? [much greater than] : premiers resultats.à Obesite, (3), 146 Makris, A., Foster, G. D. (2011). Dietary Approaches to the Treatment of Obesity.à Psychiatric Clinics Of North America,à 34(Obesity and Associated Eating Disorders: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals), 813-827. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.08.004 Pagoto, S. L., Appelhans, B. M. (2013). A Call for an End to the Diet Debates.à JAMA: Journal Of The American Medical Association,310(7), 687. Schenker, S. S. (2012). An overview of the role of rice in the UK diet.à Nutrition Bulletin,à 37(4), 309-323. doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2012.02002.x
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Essay on Community Policing - 3379 Words
Community policing has emerged since the 1970s as an increasingly important strategy for controlling and preventing crime and enhancing community safety. It is both a philosophy and an organizational strategy that allows the police and the community to work closely together in creative ways to solve the problems of crime, drugs, fear of crime, physical and social disorder, neighborhood decay, and the overall quality of life in the community. Community policing is difficult to define. Although it does not have a single definition, there are many elements of community policing. Champion states there are several definitions to define community policing. 1. ââ¬Å"[Community policing is] whenever citizens and policeâ⬠¦bandâ⬠¦together to fightâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Community policing in America can be traced from the colonial times to the 1900s. American policing activities transpired in early England at or about the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066. Chancellors were used to settle disputes between neighbors, such as property boundary issues, trespass allegations, and child misconduct. ââ¬Å"An early equivalent of the chancellor, with similar duties and responsibilities, was the justice of the peace, dating to about A.D. 1200. Together with the chancellors or justices of the peace, reeves (now more commonly know as a sheriff) maintained order in their respective jurisdictions (Champion 22). Englandââ¬â¢s use of policing became well known. Many other regions soon adopted Englandââ¬â¢s standards. American colonist continued the English system of law enforcement and the study of law. In addition to reeve s, constables were used for maintaining law and order in colonial communities. The duties of constables included collecting fees for highway usage, collecting taxes, and presiding over minor legal issues. The position of the sheriff was created and they became the principal law enforcement officers in the various counties throughout the colonies. Early policing was characterized as urban policemen walking beats and interacting daily with merchants and other members of theShow MoreRelatedHistory of Community Policing1780 Words à |à 8 Pages THE HISTORY OF COMMUNITY POLICING The movement toward community policing has gained momentum in recent years as police and Community leaders search for more effective ways to promote public safety as well as enhance the quality of life in neighborhoods. The roots of community policing come from the civil rights movement in the 1960s.Even though its origin can be traced to this crisis in police-community relations, its development has been influencedRead MoreCommunity Policing And Community Crime1578 Words à |à 7 Pages Community Policing and Community Crime Mackenzie L. Goehl Culver-Stockton College November 2015 Introduction Community policing is values that encourages organizational approaches such as strategies and policies. Community policing advises all parts of police business and also supports problem-solving practices. Community policing consist of strategies, tactics, and values. Thus, community policing is also sometimes know as problem-oriented policing. The sole purpose of communityRead MoreCommunity Policing And The Police Essay2008 Words à |à 9 Pages Community policing is a police procedure forced to make a superior relationship between the police and the group. Community policing is characterized as a synergistic exertion between the police and the group that distinguishes issues of wrongdoing and clutter and includes all components of the Community in the look for answers for these issues. Does people group based policing achieve social orders coveted result and desires? This is one of many inquiries we may have about the genuinely new andRead More Community Policing in Canada Essay908 Words à |à 4 PagesCommunity Policing in Canada à Community policing is a relatively new model of service delivery that is employed by the majority of police forces across Canada.à Community policing however, is not a ââ¬Å"newâ⬠approach, it is more correctly a renewal or re-emergence of the old approach developed in Metropolitan London (Leighton Normandeau, p.21). The amendments to the current system are evident in Leighton Normandeauââ¬â¢s (1990) review of the future of community policing.à The ideas behind theRead More Community Organizing and Policing Essay3097 Words à |à 13 PagesCommunity Organizing and Policing Introduction Community Development refers to efforts to mobilize people, who are directly affected by a community condition, into groups and organizations which enables them to take action on the social problems and issues that concerns them. (http://www.abacon.com/books/ab_020526834x.html) There are many reasons why residents in a community form teams; the desire to create and act upon a shared vision, develop community cohesion, and solve or reduceRead MoreCommunity Policing Of The London Metropolitan Police District1732 Words à |à 7 PagesCommunity Policing About one hundred and eighty six years ago modern law enforcement begun with the London Metropolitan Police district in 1829. With the creation of this new force, the British hoped to target the increasing rate of crime. Factors in this are the urban growth, unchecked immigration, increasing poverty level, radical political groups, and unsupervised juveniles. A perfect example for traditional American policing derives from principles created by the first chief of the MetropolitanRead MoreProblem-Oriented Policing Essay882 Words à |à 4 Pagesimprove policing. Among them have been team policing, neighborhood policing, community policing, zero-tolerance policing and problem-oriented policing. Herman Goldstein was the first to propose problem-oriented policing in 1979. Problem-oriented policing is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction with ongoing as sessment. The emphasis in problem-oriented policing is onRead MoreBicycle and Horse Essay1010 Words à |à 5 PagesCommunity-oriented policing is a system that addresses the top concerns of the community which implies there would need to be more communication between members of the community and police officers. The article Policing on Bicycles and Horses by Sam Swindell focuses on two types of community-oriented policing. The two types being bicycle and mounted patrol of C.O.P. Bicycle patrol is a type of community policing patrol serves well in that the police have the opportunity to encounter more citizensRead MoreCommunity Policing1234 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Community policing The renowned Sir Robert Peel who helped found the London Metropolitan Police unit that was meant to be closer to the people than any other time before. His vision was to have a community where à ¦the police are the public and the public are the policeà ¦ (Braiden, 1992). His vision was to have a community where the idea of policing is closely interlaced between the formal police force and the community participation in the control and termination of crimes in the entire EnglandRead MorePolice Policing And Community Policing1513 Words à |à 7 Pages Community Policing How effective is community policing? Community policing has several different definitions. In this paper I will prove that community policing is effective by defining, community policing as the police and citizens coming together to create a safe community, stop crime and resolve problems and also urgently responding to the community. Throughout many years, the peopleââ¬â¢s view of community policing have remained the same. There are some valid causes as to why
Arrogance or Persistance Free Essays
Sparks was In the same commercial space for over 75 years. One day in February 2006, a man entered Sparks and started measuring the doors and windows. I asked him why he was measuring my barââ¬â¢s door and windows. We will write a custom essay sample on Arrogance or Persistance? or any similar topic only for you Order Now He stated, ââ¬Å"l am planning to redecorate my new bar. â⬠He introduced himself as Eric Hamburger, stepson of my late landlord. A couple of days later, I received an eviction letter that demanded that I remove the bar equipment and furnishings from the space in 60 days. I immediately started the process of buying a commercial building o move my bar in to. I bought a commercial building in the city of Lemon Grove. I had managed to save about $50,000. 00 while I owned Sparks. This money was earmarked for funding the Small Business Administration loan and to cover the application fees for all of the required permits and licenses. I completed all of the appropriate applications, forms, and paid the fees. I was confident that I would be in business within the 60 days that I had to move. I could not have been more wrong In my inure life. The city of Lemon Groveââ¬â¢s Mayor, Ms. Mary awesome and the Lemon Grove city council had a plan for the property that I had Just purchased. They had an agreement with Tipping Point Partners, a developer in La Jolly, to develop the property Into a mixed use mega project. I did not know that 6 months prior to my attempt to buy the property at 3496 Main Street, the Supreme Court had upheld Keel vsâ⬠¦ New London. This law allows a city to use eminent domain to redistribute personally owned real estate to develop additional tax revenue. The city of Lemon Grove intentionally denied me any permit to operate a business in Lemon Grove. The repose behind their decision was to force default on the commercial property that I had purchased. I had no legal recourse. I had to suck it up and take it. $60,000. 00 was gone before it was over. Losing the bar cost 200 points on my credit score. My liquor license and business equipment have yearly and storage fees. Devastating! Attractionââ¬â¢s hired me and my life stabilized. My thoughts were about the way that I was treated by some selfish connected people. This made me really mad. The callous way that I was treated made me want to know how the process worked and abbey throw a monkey wrench here and there. I chose to run for San Diego City Council. My campaign budget was $1,000. 00. My wife and four of my friends became my campaign staff. It took 11 days walking in the district collecting 2000 signatures necessary to run on the ballot without paying a fee. We attended every 1 OFF for all of the offices that were up for election. There was a lot to learn about San Diego politics. It appeared as if all of the candidates were either owned by a special interest, or were powerless and ineffectual. It was apparent at the first candidateââ¬â¢s arum who was going to win the election. Todd Gloria was next in line for the office. He was on Congresswoman Davisââ¬â¢ staff. He was the darling of the unions, LEGIT, and the tourism industries. He had 26 endorsements one year prior to the race. Man, was he connected! Money was no object in making Mrâ⬠¦ Gloria a city councilman. This fact shaped my strategy. I chose to use my candidacy as a pulpit to be completely honest and bring issues up that I thought needed to be addressed. Some of the positions that I took during the election was placing grid tie solar electric systems on every city owned building. San Diego Gas Electric was not happy about that. That did not matter, they endorsed Todd Gloria. I received a standing ovation at Earth Day in Balboa Park for advocating the legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes. This reaction caused Todd Gloria to restate his position from zero tolerance to allowing medical marijuana legalization. Our major campaign issue was the San Diego Wastewater Treatment Plant in Point Loam. This wastewater treatment plant is not currently up to code in the National Pollution Discharge Permitting Elimination System. In 2008, most people did not see the coming secession and were making money by overdeveloping every market and resource in San Diego. My campaign staff was working for ideas back then that are popular now. We did not win the election. We received 7. 8% of the vote. We felt like we made a big difference. I have used this experience to mentor and coach every person who is serious about making a change in their political leadership. Being perceived as arrogant is not a bad thing. You donââ¬â¢t have to win an election to be a winner. Ideas are contagious. You do make a difference, sometimes a small one I grant you, but you do make a difference. How to cite Arrogance or Persistance?, Papers
Below the Knee Amputation free essay sample
Below the knee amputation (BKA) is surgery to remove all or part of your foot or your leg below the knee cap. A below theà kneeà amputationà is a surgical procedure when the bottom part of the leg is removed with an incision below theà knee. This is also known as a trans-tibialà amputation. This procedure is recommended when a patient has a severely diseased or damaged lower leg that cannot be treated. Below-knee amputation is usually performed for extensive high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas of the lower leg, ankle or foot. Primary bone sarcomas rarely occur in these locations. Extensive infiltration of tendons and ligaments and around bones in this area may preclude a functional extremity following wide excision. The almost universally good functional outcome of below-knee amputation makes it an even more realistic option. Indication: BKA is indicated in cases of benign and malignant tumor of the foot, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), severe traumatic injury of the lower limb with compromise neurovascular status especially involving tibia bone and various complication of diabetic foot like soft tissue necrosis, osteomyelitis, uncontrollable infection, or intractable pain. We will write a custom essay sample on Below the Knee Amputation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Procedure: This operation can be performed using 2 major techniques. The most common technique is the posterior myoplastic flap (Burgess Technique) where the skin and muscle from the calf are brought forward to cover the shin bones after they have been divided (see below left). The other main technique is the skew flap (Kingsley Robinson technique) in which the muscles of the calf are brought forward in the same way as in the posterior technique but the skin flaps are skewed in relation to the muscle. There is no proven advantage for one technique, but sometimes it is easier to perform a skew flap amputation if there has been significant skin damage above the ankle. Initially the skin is incised after marking the line of the incision and the incision is then deepened through the subcutaneous fatty tissue to the muscles. Bleeding from superficial veins is controlled and then the muscles are divided initially at the front to expose the two bones of the lower leg the tibia and fibula. While doing this the major blood vessels in the calf are ligated. The bone in the lower leg (tibia) is divided about 12-15 cms below the knee joint, the fibula is divided a little higher so that it is well recessed away from the end of the stump. The muscles and skin at the back are then divided low down after separation from the tibia and fibula so that they can be brought forward over the end of the bones to provide cover. To facilitate this coverage much of the muscle must be resected so that the flap is not too bulky. Other blood vessel at the back must also be controlled. The skin edges are then approximated. This produces a good size stump to which prosthesis can be fitted. Disadvantage: Amputation of a limb or limbs will affect people in different ways. It is a very personal loss and in many patients can feel like bereavement. The emotional loss can be like losing a relative and it will take time to adapt to such a loss. Physically your body will be permanently altered and can affect all areas of your life. How much your amputation affects your life will to some degree depend on the extent of your physical recovery.
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